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1.
Arch. latinoam. nutr ; 72(1): 31-42, mar. 2022. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, LIVECS | ID: biblio-1368363

ABSTRACT

El índice de masa corporal (IMC) es una eficaz herramienta para detectar la sobrecarga ponderal en niños y adolescentes, asociado a la adiposidad corporal. Objetivo. Analizar la concordancia, sensibilidad y especificidad de tres referencias internacionales de IMC/edad (OMS, IOTF y CDC) para diagnosticar el exceso ponderal y conocer su precisión diagnóstica para identificar el exceso de adiposidad con relación al área grasa braquial (AGB) en población infanto juvenil de Argentina. Materiales y métodos. Se realizó un estudio multicéntrico, descriptivo-comparativo y transversal entre 2003 y 2008, en 22.658 niños y adolescentes argentinos de 4 a 13 años de edad. A partir del peso, talla, circunferencia del brazo y pliegue tricipital, se calcularon IMC y AGB. Se analizó la concordancia, sensibilidad y especificidad de referencias de IMC/edad (OMS, CDC, IOTF) y la precisión diagnóstica (curvas ROC) para identificar exceso de adiposidad, a partir del AGB, así como el punto de corte óptimo (PCO). Resultados. Las tres referencias tuvieron buena concordancia. La mayor sensibilidad correspondió a OMS y la mayor especificidad a IOTF. El área bajo la curva (ABC) fue mayor en Z-IMC/IOTF en varones y en Z-IMC/OMS en mujeres. Los PCO mostraron discrepancias, siendo mayores con OMS. Conclusión. Las tres referencias muestran similar precisión diagnóstica para detectar alta reserva calórica, con puntos de corte óptimo para las puntuaciones Z-IMC menores a 2 Z scores. Esto resulta relevante para la identificación de exceso de adiposidad en poblaciones, en relación con la implementación de políticas públicas de prevención de enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles(AU)


The body mass index (BMI) is an effective tool to detect weight overload in children and adolescents, associated with body adiposity. Objective. To analyze the concordance, sensitivity and specificity of three international BMI/age references (WHO, IOTF and CDC) to diagnose excess weight and to know their diagnostic accuracy to identify excess adiposity in relation to the brachial fat area (BFA) in Argentine child-youth population. Materials and methods. A multicenter, descriptive- comparative and cross-sectional study was carried out between 2003 and 2008 in 22.658 Argentine children and adolescents between aged 4 to 13 years. From the weight, height, arm circumference and tricipital fold, BMI and BFA were calculated. The concordance, sensitivity, and specificity of BMI / age references (WHO, IOTF, CDC,) were analyzed and the diagnostic precision (ROC curves) to identify excess adiposity, from the BFA, as well as the optimal cut-off point (OCP). Results. The three references had good agreement, the highest sensitivity corresponded to WHO and the highest specificity to IOTF. The area under the curve (AUC) was greater in Z-BMI/IOTF in men and in Z-BMI/WHO in women. The OCPs showed discrepancies, being higher with WHO. Conclusion. The three references show similar diagnostic accuracy to detect high caloric reserve, but with cut-off points for Z-BMI scores less than 2 Z scores. This is relevant for the identification of excess adiposity in populations in relation to the implementation of public policies for the prevention of chronic non-communicable diseases(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Mid-Upper Arm Circumference , Body Mass Index , Nutritional Status , Body Fat Distribution , Students , Weight by Height , Malnutrition , Pediatric Obesity
2.
West Indian med. j ; 69(2): 114-120, 2021. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1341881

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: Screening for childhood obesity is a necessary step in developing appropriate and effective interventions. We evaluated the diagnostic performance of various recommended international anthropometric cut-offs based on body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), triceps skinfold (TSF), and mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) in predicting excess adiposity (body fat ≥ 25%) in a random sample of Trinidadian preschoolers. Methods: After obtaining written parental consent, weight, height, WC, TSF, and MUAC were measured in 596 children using standard procedures. These were used to calculate BMI for age, WHtR, TSF-for-age z-scores, and MUAC-for-age z-scores. Percentage body fat was measured using a Tanita-531 foot-to-foot bioelectrical impedance analyser (BIA). Sensitivities, specificities and area under the receiver-operating curve analysis and predictive values were then computed in reference to BIA estimates. Results: The prevalence of excess adiposity was 12.2% and 5.1% among males and females, respectively. Sensitivities for the various cut-offs ranged from 20.0% to 75.0% and 57.1% to 96.9% among males and females, respectively. WHO-BMI recommended cut-offs and those based on MUAC z-scores had significantly higher sensitivities in females than in males. TSF z-scores had significantly lower sensitivities compared to those based on BMI and WHtR among males. Similarly, specificities ranged from 81.3% to 99.9% and 79.8% to 99.9% among males and females, respectively. In girls, cut-offs based on TSF z-scores had a higher likelihood ratio than cut-offs from Centers for Disease Control, International Obesity Task Force and WHtR. Diagnostic performance was not associated with ethnicity. Conclusion: Our results suggest that diagnostic performance was associated with gender and the cut-offs used; however, it was not associated with ethnicity.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Pediatric Obesity/diagnosis , Skinfold Thickness , Trinidad and Tobago/epidemiology , Mid-Upper Arm Circumference , Body Mass Index , Cross-Sectional Studies , Waist Circumference , Pediatric Obesity/epidemiology , Waist-Height Ratio
3.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 117(4): 347-355, ago. 2019. graf, tab
Article in English, Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1054932

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La circunferencia del brazo (CB) se reconoce como buen indicador del estado nutricional. Objetivo: Estimar los percentilos de referencia para la CB y las áreas muscular (AM) y grasa (AG) del brazo en la población infantojuvenil argentina mediante el empleo del método LMS (lambda, mu, sigma, en inglés). Materiales y métodos: La muestra estuvo constituida por escolares de 4,0 a 13,9 años residentes en Jujuy, Catamarca, Misiones, Buenos Aires, Mendoza y Chubut. Las mediciones antropométricas de la CB y del pliegue tricipital se realizaron entre 2003 y 2008 siguiendo protocolos estandarizados. Se estimaron las AM, AG, se calcularon los percentilos por edad y sexo, y se compararon mediante el análisis de la varianza. Resultados: Se incluyeron 22 736 escolares (11 397 varones y 11 339 mujeres). Los valores correspondientes al percentilo 50 fueron superiores, en las mujeres, para CB y AG, y, en los varones, para AM. Las curvas de CB presentaron incrementos más marcados a partir de los 7 años en todos los percentilos, para ambos sexos. Un patrón similar se observó para AM, con valores superiores en los varones. Por último, el AG mostró aumento constante en las mujeres y estabilización en los varones a partir de los 11 años. Se observaron diferencias para la edad. Conclusiones: Los valores de percentilos, tabulados y graficados, de la CB y de las AM y AG del brazo pueden constituir una referencia local para estudios epidemiológicos y antropológicos.


Introduction: Mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) is widely recognized as an adequate indicator of nutritional status. Objective: To estimate the reference percentiles for MUAC, upper arm muscle area (UAMA), and upper arm fat area (UAFA) in the Argentine child and adolescent population using the LMS method (lambda, mu, sigma) Materials and methods: The sample was made up of schoolchildren aged 4.0-13.9 years living in Jujuy, Catamarca, Misiones, Buenos Aires, Mendoza, and Chubut. MUAC and tricipital skinfold anthropometric measurements were obtained between 2003 and 2008 as per standardized protocols. UAMA and UAFA were calculated, and percentiles by age and sex were estimated and compared using an analysis of variance. Results: A total of 22 736 schoolchildren (11 397 boys and 11 339 girls) were included. The 50th percentile was higher for the MUAC and UAFA among girls and for the UAMA among boys. The MUAC curves showed sharper increases as of 7 years old in all percentiles among both boys and girls. A similar pattern was observed for the UAMA, with higher values among boys. Lastly, the UAFA showed a constant increase among girls and a stabilization among boys as of 11 years old. Differences for age were observed. Conclusions: The tabulated and plotted percentiles and the MUAC, UAMA, and UAFA may be used as local references for epidemiological and anthropological studies.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Argentina , Reference Values , Mid-Upper Arm Circumference , Body Composition , Anthropometry
4.
Med. interna (Caracas) ; 35(1): 32-41, 2019. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, LIVECS | ID: biblio-1005804

ABSTRACT

La enfermedad arterial periférica (EAP) es usualmente subdiagnosticada. El índice tobillobrazo (ITB) es un método diagnostico sencillo y no invasivo que permite hacer detección temprana de EAP y de aquellos pacientes con alto riesgo de desarrollar ECV. Objetivo: determinar la relación entre ITB y obesidad visceral mediante la medición de la circunferencia abdominal (CA) en pacientes que acudieron a la consulta externa de Medicina Interna. Otras mediciones: índice de masa corporal (IMC), relación cintura cadera (RCC). Se registró la presencia de hipertensión arterial (HTA), dislipidemia, sedentarismo y tabaquismo. Métodos: Investigación de carácter exploratorio. Muestra no probabilística, intencional de 34 pacientes que acudieron a la consulta de Medicina Interna en tres meses. Se aplicó una encuesta y se realizaron mediciones de los índices antropométricos: CA, RCC, IMC, se calculó el ITB y se determinaron glicemia, colesterol total, HDL, LDL y triglicéridos (TGC). Resultados: El promedio de edad fue 56,14 años ± 11.46. 52,9% mujeres y 47,1% hombres. El 70% tenían IMC elevado, 64,7% dislipidemia, 52,9% HTA, 38.23% sedentarismo y 17,6% fumaban. 5 pacientes masculinos tuvieron un ITB alterado: ITB bajo: 2; ITB elevado: 3. La correlación entre ITB y CA; ITB y RCC e ITB y glicemia, TGC y el LDL fue negativa débil. La correlación entre ITB e IMC, colesterol total y HDL fue positiva. Conclusiones: Una CA y RCC alteradas como marcadores de obesidad visceral se asocian con un ITB bajo(AU)


Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is associated to high cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Risk factors related to this pathology do not differ from other cardiovascular diseases (CVD). This disease manifests clinically in advanced stages of the atherothrombotic process, therefore, it is usually underdiagnosed. The ankle-brachial index (ABI) is a simple, inexpensive and non-invasive diagnostic method that allows an early detection of PAD, and, because it is considered atherosclerotic predictor, it helps us detect those patients who have a high risk of developing CVD. Hence, it should be a routine method in clinical practices. Objectives: This study was performed in order to determine the relationship between ABI and visceral obesity by means of waist circumference (WC) measurement and hip to waist ratio (HWR) in patients who attended the internal medicine outpatient clinic. Methods: Exploratory research. Non-probabilistic, intentional sample of 34 patients who attended the Internal Medicine outpatient clinic in three months. A survey was applied and measurements were made of the anthropometric indexes: CA, RCC, BMI, ITB was calculated and glycemia, total cholesterol, HDL, LDL and triglycerides were determined. Results: The average age was 56.14 years ± 11.46. 52.9% women and 47.1% men. 70% had high BMI, 64.7% dyslipidemia, 52.9% HBP, 38.23% sedentary lifestyle and 17.6% smoked. 5 male patients had an altered ABI: low ABI: 2; High ITB: 3. The correlation between ITB and CA; ITB and RCC and ITB and glycemia, TGC and LDL were weak negative. The correlation between ITB and BMI, total cholesterol and HDL was positive. Conclusions: A CA and RCC altered as markers of visceral obesity are associated with a low ABI(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Mid-Upper Arm Circumference , Peripheral Arterial Disease/diagnosis , Hypertension/physiopathology , Obesity/complications , Cardiovascular Diseases , Body Mass Index
5.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1046596

ABSTRACT

Introdução: O diagnóstico precoce do risco nutricional pode melhorar o prognóstico dos pacientes onco-hematológicos. Objetivo:Descrever o estado nutricional nos pacientes onco-hematológicos e avaliar os fatores associados ao risco nutricional nos pacientes onco-hematológicos de um hospital universitário terciário de Fortaleza - Ceará. Método: Estudo transversal que incluiu 127 pacientes adultos internados. Os dados de diagnóstico clínico e demográficos foram coletados por meio da análise de prontuários. O estado nutricional foi avaliado pelo índice de massa corporal (IMC), circunferência braquial (CB) e pela aplicação da ferramenta de triagem de risco nutricional - NRS-2002. Resultados: Pelos diferentes parâmetros, houve divergências no estado nutricional. A maioria da amostra apresentava risco nutricional de acordo com a avaliação da NRS-2002 (70,1%; n=89), seguida pela CB (33,9%; n=43) e pelo IMC (8,7%; n=11). Houve correlação positiva significativa entre IMC e idade [r=0,313, p<0,001] e CB [r=0,846, p<0,001], e associação significativa entre NRS-2002≥3 e IMC<18,5 kg/m² (p=0,023); NRS-2002 ≥3 e CB classificada como desnutrição (p=0,001); IMC<18,5kg/m² e CB classificada como desnutrição; e residir em zona urbana e apresentar CB adequada (p=0,023). Conclusão: Este estudo revelou alta prevalência de risco nutricional, bem como uma associação significativa entre risco nutricional e baixos valores de IMC e CB, e residir em zona rural. Assim, há a necessidade de utilizar uma combinação de indicadores, a fim de diagnosticar, de forma mais precisa e precoce, o estado nutricional desses pacientes.


Introduction: Early diagnosis of nutritional risk may improve the prognosis of oncohaematological patients. Objective: To describe the nutritional status and to evaluate the nutritional risk factors in oncohaematological patients of a tertiary university hospital in Fortaleza, Ceará. Method: This cross-sectional study included 127 patients hospitalized. Clinical and demographic diagnostic data were selected through chart analysis. The nutritional status was elaborated by body mass index (BMI), arm circumference (AC) and by the application of the nutritional risk screening (NRS-2002). Results:Due to the different parameters, there were differences in nutritional status. The majority of the presentation criteria were NRS-2002 70.1% (n=89), followed by the AC 33.9% (n=43) and the BMI 8.7% (n=11). There was a significant positive correlation between BMI and age [r=0.313, p<0.001] and AC [r=0.846, p<0.001]. There was a significant association between NRS-2002≥3 and BMI<18.5 kg/m² (p=0.023); NRS-2002≥3 and AC classified as malnutrition (p=0.001); BMI<18.5 kg/m² and AC classified as malnutrition; and reside in urban areas and present adequate AC (p=0.023). Conclusion: This study revealed a high prevalence of nutritional risk, as well as a significant association between nutritional risk and low BMI, AC and to reside in rural areas. Thus, there is a need to use a combination of indicators to diagnose the nutritional status of these patients in a more precise and early manner.


Introducción: El diagnóstico precoz del riesgo nutricional puede mejorar el pronóstico de los pacientes onco-hematológicos. Objetivo: Describir el estado nutricional en los pacientes onco-hematológicos y evaluar los factores asociados al riesgo nutricional en los pacientes onco-hematológicos de un Hospital Universitario Terciario de Fortaleza - Ceará. Método: Estudio transversal que incluyó a 127 pacientes adultos internados. Los datos de diagnóstico clínico y demográfico fueron recolectados a través de análisis de prontuarios. El estado nutricional fue evaluado por el índice de masa corporal (IMC), circunferencia braquial (CB) y por la aplicación de la herramienta de clasificación de riesgo nutricional - NRS-2002. Resultados: Diferentes parámetros, hubo divergencias en el estado nutricional. La mayoría de la muestra presentaba riesgo nutricional de acuerdo con la evaluación de la NRS-2002 70,1% (n=89), seguida por la CB 33,9% (n=43) y por IMC 8,7% (n=11). Se observó una correlación positiva significativa entre el IMC y la edad [r=0,313, p<0,001] y CB [r=0,846, p<0,001]. Se observó una asociación significativa NRS-2002≥3, e IMC<18,5 kg/m² (p=0,023) y CB desnutrida (p=0,001). Hubo asociación significativa entre IMC<18,5kg/m² y CB desnutrida (p=0,001), y entre residir en zona urbana y presentar CB adecuado (p=0,023). Conclusión: Alta prevalencia de riesgo nutricional, así como una asociación significativa entre riesgo nutricional y bajos valores de IMC y CB, y residir en zonas rurales. Hay la necesidad de utilizar una combinación de indicadores para diagnosticar de forma más precisa y precoz el estado nutricional de estos pacientes.


Subject(s)
Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Nutrition Assessment , Nutritional Status , Hematologic Neoplasms/diet therapy , Mid-Upper Arm Circumference , Body Mass Index , Cross-Sectional Studies , Malnutrition/etiology
6.
Rev. Ciênc. Méd. Biol. (Impr.) ; 17(3): 398-402, nov 19, 2018. tab, ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1248145

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: objetivo desse trabalho foi traçar o perfil clínico e nutricional de pacientes acometidos por acidente vascular cerebral (AVC). Metodologia: trata-se de estudo retrospectivo realizado em prontuários de pacientes internados em Hospitais de Guarapuava, Paraná no período de maio a setembro de 2016. Foram aferidos peso e estatura, e posteriormente calculado o índice de massa corporal (IMC). Ainda foi avaliada circunferência do braço (CB), aceitação da dieta e dieta prescrita pelo nutricionista. Para análise dos dados obtidos foi realizada estatística descritiva e também inferência estatística. Resultados: foram avaliados 28 pacientes que tiveram diagnóstico de AVC, com média de idade 66,2±16,3 anos, 75% da amostra constituída por idosos e 50% do sexo feminino. A dieta oferecida com maior frequência nesses pacientes foi a dieta via sonda (35,7%); 42,9% (N=12) foram classificados como eutróficos e 39,3% (n=11) como magreza. Conclusão: assim, foi possível observar que magreza foi significativa nessa amostra, mas em sua maioria prevaleceu a eutrofia, a rejeição da dieta hospitalar foi marcante principalmente em pacientes com magreza percebe-se que pacientes acometidos de AVC são vulneráveis a presença de risco nutricional.


Objective: the objective of this study was to outline the nutritional clinical profile of patients with stroke. Metodology: this is a retrospective study carried out in medical records of patients hospitalized in Hospitals of Guarapuava, Paraná from May to September, 2016. Weight and height were measured, and the body mass index (BMI) was subsequently calculated. Arm circumference (AC), diet acceptance and diet prescribed by the nutritionist were also evaluated. For the analysis of the data obtained, descriptive statistics and statistical inference were also performed. Results: we evaluated 28 patients who suffered a stroke, with a mean age of 66.2 ± 16.3 years, 75% of the sample consisting of elderly and 50% female. The diet most frequently offered in these patients was diet through nutritional therapy through a probe (35.7%). 42.9% (N = 12) were classified as eutrophic and 39.3% (n = 11) as malnourished. Conclusion: thus, it was possible to observe that malnutrition was significant in this sample, but most eutrophy prevailed, the rejection of the hospital diet was marked mainly in patients with malnutrition, it is perceived that patients affected by stroke are vulnerable to the presence of nutritional risk.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Nutritional Status , Stroke/complications , Nutrition Disorders/complications , Mid-Upper Arm Circumference , Body Mass Index , Retrospective Studies
7.
Arch. latinoam. nutr ; 66(3): 176-184, Sept. 2016. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, LIVECS | ID: biblio-838443

ABSTRACT

Se evaluó el poder predictivo de la circunferencia media de brazo para la identificación precoz de desnutrición aguda en niños preescolares y escolares hospitalizados en dos hospitales de Valencia, estado Carabobo. Se evaluaron 182 niños entre 2-10 años. Estado nutricional antropométrico calculado por: circunferencia media del brazo para la edad CMB y peso para la talla P/T. Se empleó paquete estadístico SPSS versión 15.0 y Statistix versión 6.0. Se determinó sensibilidad, especificidad, valor predictivo positivo y negativo por Teorema de Bayes; correspondencia por índice Kappa; diagnóstico de desnutrición aguda y sensibilidad por CMB y área bajo la curva ROC; nivel de confianza 95%. Se encontró 51,1% masculinos, 48,9% femeninos, edad 5,2 ± 2,2 años; 71,4% pre-escolares, 28,6% escolares con p=0,000 entre las edades. Cuando se ajustó por sexo y edad, la CMB se correlacionó significativamente con el peso (r=0,804; p=0,000) y la talla (r=0,510; p=0,000). Índice Kappa de 0,720 (p=0,000) para la comparación entre P/T y CMB en el diagnóstico de desnutrición aguda. Prevalencia de 28% por desnutrición aguda para P/T y 34,6% para CMB, con concordancia entre ambos indicadores. CMB presentó buena sensibilidad y especificidad, siendo más sensible y específica en pre-escolares y escolares masculinos para niños con desnutrición aguda. Punto de corte para desnutrición aguda en preescolares 14,9 cm, con sensibilidad 85,5%; especificidad 74,5%; para escolares 16,0 cm con sensibilidad 89,2%; especificidad 80%. CMB demostró mejor predictor de desnutrición aguda que P/T. Se recomienda establecer puntos de corte específicos por edad y sexo, para la definición y clasificación del déficit nutricional(AU)


The predictive power of the middle arm circumference for early identification of acute malnutrition in preschool and school children hospitalized in two hospitals in Valencia, Carabobo state. Was evaluated 182 children aged 2-10 years were evaluated. Anthropometric nutritional status calculated by: mid-arm circumference for age MAC and weight for height P/T. SPSS version 15.0 and Statistix version 6.0 was used. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value was determined by Bayes Theorem; Kappa index for correspondence; Diagnosis of acute malnutrition and sensitivity by MAC and area under the curve ROC; 95% confidence level. We found 51.1% male, 48.9% female, age 5.2 ± 2.2 years; 71.4% pre-school, school 28.6% (p = 0.000) between ages. When adjusted for sex and age, the CMB was significantly correlated with weight (r = 0.804; p = 0.000) and height (r = 0.510; p = 0.000). Kappa index of 0.720 (p = 0.000) for the comparison between P/T and CMB in the diagnosis of acute malnutrition. Acute malnutrition 28% prevalence for P/T and 34.6% for MAC, with agreement between both indicators. MAC showed good sensitivity and specificity, being more sensitive and specific in pre-school and school male children with acute malnutrition. 14.9 cm of cutoff point for acute malnutrition in preschool, with 85.5% sensitivity; 74.5% specificity; for school 16 cm with 89.2% sensitivity; 80% specificity. MAC showed better predictor of acute malnutrition P/T. It is recommended to set specific cutoffs for age and sex, for the definition and classification of nutritional deficit(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Mid-Upper Arm Circumference , Weight by Height , Severe Acute Malnutrition/complications , Severe Acute Malnutrition/diagnosis , Child, Hospitalized , Anthropometry , Infant Mortality , Nutritional Status
8.
Rev. enferm. UERJ ; 24(2): e14500, mar.-abr. 2016. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-946733

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: analisar as associações entre a pressão arterial, a medida da circunferência braquial e a circunferência abdominal em pessoas com Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica (HAS). Método: estudo descritivo, transversal, de abordagem quantitativa realizado com 397 pessoas de Estratégia de Saúde da Família de Minas Gerais. Dados coletados em 2013 e 2014 em visita domiciliária com instrumentos validados, obtendo-se, inclusive, medidas antropométricas e de pressão arterial (PA). Aplicados os testes quiquadrado e exato Fisher. Projeto aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética. Resultados: em 41,1% dos participantes com circunferência braquial igual ou superior a 27cm, os valores da PA encontravam-se iguais ou superiores a 140/90 mmHg e em 38,6% daqueles com circunferência abdominal com risco aumentado e muito aumentado, a PA encontrava-se igual ou superior a 140/90 mmHg. Conclusão: embora as associações não tenham significância estatística, devem constituir critérios importantes para avaliação não apenas da HAS, mas como fatores de risco para outras condições cardiovasculares.


Objective: to analyze the associations between blood pressure, and mid-upper arm and waist circumferences in adults with systemic arterial hypertension (SAH). Method: this quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional study examined 397 individuals in the Family Health Strategy in Minas Gerais. Data was collected using validated instruments during home visits in 2013 and 2014, when anthropometric and blood pressure measurements were taken. Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests were applied. Results: 41.1% of participants with mid-upper arm circumference equal to or greater than 27 cm had blood pressure values equal to or greater than 140/90 mmHg, and 38.6% of those with increased-risk or much-increased-risk waist circumference had blood pressure equal to or greater than 140/90 mmHg. Conclusion: although the associations showed no statistical significance, they do constitute important criteria for assessing not only SAH, but also risk factors for other cardiovascular conditions.


Objetivo: analizar las asociaciones entre la presión arterial, la medición de la circunferencia braquial y la circunferencia abdominal en adultos con hipertensión arterial sistémica. Método: estudio descriptivo, transversal, con enfoque cuantitativo, realizado junto a 397 personas de la Estrategia de salud de la familia de Minas Gerais. Datos recolectados en 2013 y 2014 en visita a domicilio con instrumentos validados, obteniéndose, incluso, mediciones antropométricas y de presión arterial. Se han aplicado las pruebas de Chi cuadrado y exacto Fisher. Proyecto aprobado por el Comité de Ética. Resultados: en un 41.1% de los participantes con circunferencia braquial igual o superior a 27 cm, los valores de la presión arterial fueron iguales o superiores a 140/90mmHg y en 38.6% de aquéllos con circunferencia abdominal con riesgo aumentado y muy aumentado, la presión arterial estaba igual o superior a 140/90mmHg.Conclusión: aunque las asociaciones no posean significancia estadística, deben constituir criterios importantes para evaluar no sólo la hipertensión arterial sistémica, sino también factores de riesgo para otras enfermedades cardiovasculares.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Mid-Upper Arm Circumference , Abdominal Circumference , Arterial Pressure , Hypertension , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Cross-Sectional Studies , Noncommunicable Diseases , Obesity
9.
Gac. méd. boliv ; 38(2): 11-17, dic. 2015. ilus, graf, mapas, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-785607

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: valorar el efecto de calcio de maíz nixtamalizado sobre el crecimiento de niños con malnutrición crónica. Previa determinación de características fisicoquímicas, se elaboraron papillas para niños, 63 niños ingresaron al estudio. Métodos: estudio descriptivo controlado y seguimiento longitudinal, fueron incluidos 21 niños con retardo del crecimiento leve a moderado, quienes conformaron el grupo estudio (GE) y se beneficiaron de un esquema integral (clínica, laboratorio, antropometría, psicología, educación, nutrición). E grupo control fue también de 21 niños (GC) y recibió solo zinc como placebo. Ambos grupos fueron comparados con 21 niños sanos (GS) del mismo contexto social. Resultados: los niños del GE mejoraron ZT/E en promedio -1,1 ± 0,7 DS vs -2,5 ± 1,0 del GC (p<0,001) vs. GS 0,13 ± 0,14DS. La respuesta inmunitaria medida por ecografía del timo expresado en mm* 2 3 fue en GE: 609,5 ± 123,6 DS vs. GC: 471,54 ± 93,42DS (p<0,001) vs GS: 545,2 ± 0,8 DS. El desarrollo psicomotor en porcentaje: MF:GE: 97,8 ± 2,9 DS vs .GC: 90,9 ± 5,0 DS (p<0,01) vs.GS 99,5 ± 2,1 DE; MG: GE: 95,8 ± 2,9 vs GC: 80,6 ± 4,6 DS vs (p<0,01) GS: 97,6 ± 5,3DS; DL:GE: 95,6 ± 4,1 vs. GC: 82,5 ± 4,8 DE (p<0,001) vs. GS 98,8 ± 5,4 DE; GPS: GE: 96,6 ± 4,8vs. GC: 80,6 ± 4,6 (p<0,001) vs. GS: 99,7 ± 1,0 DS. Asimismo el calcio iónico incrementó en GE: 5,1 ± 0,5 DE vs. GC: 4,1 ± 0,2 DE (p<0,001); GE: 25 hidroxi vitamina D se incrementó 52,5 ± 6,2 ng/ml. En el GE PTH llego a 21,5 ± 5,6 pg /ml y la calcitonina ingresó dentro umbrales esperados 12,2 ± 1,5 pg /ml. Conclusiones: la recuperación del crecimiento de niños es mejor con calcio nixtamalizado dentro de un manejo integral.


Objective: to assesst effect of corn calcium nixtamalized about the growth of children with chronic malnutrition. Previous determinatior of physicochemical characteristics, were prepared porridge for children , 63 children enrolled to the study. Method: descriptive study controlled and longitudinal follow-up work, were included 21 children with slight to moderate delayed growth, who formed the study group (GE ) and benefited from a comprehensive scheme (clinical, laboratory, anthropometry , psychology , education, nutrition ). The control group was also 21 children (GC) and they just received zinc received like placebo. Both groups were compared with 21 healthy children (GS) in the same social context. Results: GE children improved ZT / E on average -1.1 ± 0.7 vs. -2.5 ± 1.0 DS GC ( p<0,001 ) vs. GS: 0.13 ± 0,14DS . The immune response measured by ultrasound thymus was expressed in mm2 in the GE group: DS vs. 609.5 ± 123.6 GC: 471.54 ± 93,42DS ( p<0,001 ) vs GS: 545.2 ± 0.8 DS . Psychomotor development in percentage : MF : GE : 97.8 ± 2.9 vs DS .GC : 90.9 ± 5.0 DS ( p<0,01 ) vs.GS 99.5 ± 2.1 SD; MG : GE : GC 95.8 ± 2.9 vs 80.6 ± 4.6 vs DS ( p<0,01 ) GS: 97.6 ± 5,3DS ; DL : GE : 95.6 ± 4.1 vs. GC: 82.5 ± 4.8 DE ( p<0,001 ) vs. GS: 98.8 ± 5.4 SD; GPS : GE : 96.6 ± 4,8vs . GC: 80.6 ± 4.6 ( p<0,001 ) vs. GS: 99.7 ± 1.0 DS. Also calcium ion GE increasec 5.1 ± 0.5 SD vs. GC: 4.1 ± 0.2 (P < 0.001 ) ; GE : 25 hydroxy vitamin D was increased 52.5 ± 6.2 ng / ml . In the GE PTH came to 21.5 ± 5.6 pg / ml and calcitonin entered within expected thresholds 12.2 ± 1.5 pg / ml. Conclusions: the recovery of growth in children is better with calcium nixtamalized within a integrated management.


Subject(s)
Humans , Calcium, Dietary , Failure to Thrive , Zinc , Mid-Upper Arm Circumference
10.
Rev. cuba. invest. bioméd ; 33(4): 374-380, oct.-dic. 2014. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: lil-746963

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN: la obesidad es la enfermedad nutricional mas frecuente en niños y adolescentes, constituyendo un problema sanitario de primer orden. El área grasa y muscular del brazo se consideran buenos parámetros para evaluar el estado nutricional, cuantificando indirectamente la reserva proteica y energética. OBJETIVOS: evaluar el estado nutricional mediante el Índice de Masa Corporal y la composición del brazo. MÉTODOS: se efectuó evaluación antropométrica del estado nutricional en 342 niños, mediante el IMC y el área de grasa y músculo del brazo. RESULTADOS: las altas frecuencias de sobrepeso y obesidad encontradas al evaluar el IMC se corresponden con los encontrados al analizar el área de grasa del brazo, con una buena concordancia en las féminas y una concordancia moderada en los varones. CONCLUSIONES: el sobrepeso y la obesidad están incidiendo en la población infantil. El Área de Grasa del Brazo en combinación con el IMC puede sugerirse como alternativa para la evaluación de estado nutricional en poblaciones pediátricas


INTRODUCTION: obesity is the most common nutritional disorder in children and adolescents, constituting a health problem of the first order. The fat and arm muscle area is considered good parameters to assess nutritional status, indirectly quantifying protein and energy reserves. OBJECTIVES: assess the nutritional status by body mass index and the arm composition. METHODS: anthropometric assessment of nutritional status in 342 children was conducted by body mass index (BMI) and fat area and arm muscle. RESULTS: high frequency of overweight and obesity found when assessing BMI correspond to those found when analyzing the arm fat area, with good concordance in females and moderate concordance in males. CONCLUSIONS: overweight and obesity are affecting children. The Arm Fat Area in combination with BMI can be suggested as an alternative for assessing nutritional status in pediatric populations


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Mid-Upper Arm Circumference/methods , Body Mass Index , Nutritional Status , Pediatric Obesity/diagnosis
11.
J. Health Sci. Inst ; 31(1)jan.-mar. 2013. graf, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-684776

ABSTRACT

Verificar se o tamanho dos manguitos utilizados nas Unidades Básicas de Saúde (UBS) para aferição da pressão arterial estão adequados à circunferência braquial dos pacientes. Métodos - Realizou-se pesquisa quantitativa, não experimental, descritiva, transversal, e de campo, onde foram medidas circunferências braquiais, de 80 pacientes, em 8 UBS. Resultados - As circunferências braquiais variaram de 22 a 52 cm, e os manguitos correspondentes, de 10 a 42 cm. O manguito padrão, 13x30cm (adulto), único disponível nas UBS, foi apropriado apenas para 50% dos sujeitos da amostra, cujas circunferências braquiais variaram entre 27 e 34 cm. A análise dos resultados deste estudo, indicam que os manguitos padrão disponíveis nas UBS, não estão adequadas aos outros 50% das circunferências braquiais encontradas, resultando em registros superestimados ou subestimados da pressão arterial, sendo provável que muitos pacientes hipertensos erroneamente avaliados, estejam seguindo tratamento incorreto. Conclusão - Conclui-se que, 50% dos pacientes da amostra, o tamanho dos manguitos utilizados nas UBS para aferição de sua pressão arterial, estavam adequados com a circunferência braquial, ou seja, tamanho adulto. A falta de disponibilidade de diferentes tamanhos de manguitos continua sendo um desafiante problema a ser encarado na rede pública de saúde, sendo necessária uma revisão nas práticas adotadas...


To check if the cuffs size used at Basic Health Units (BHUs) to blood pressure measurement are adequate to patient's arm circumference. Methods - It was conducted a quantitative research, non-experimental, descriptive, transversal, and , where it were measured arm circumferences, of 80 patients, at 8 BHUs. Results - The arm circumferences varied from 22 to 52 cm, and the correspondent cuffs, 10 to 42 cm. The standard cuff, 13x30 cm (adult), the only one available at BHUs, it was just appropriate to 50% of the sample subjects, whose arm circumferences varied between 27 and 34 cm. The results' analysis of this study, indicate that the standard cuff available at BHUs do not meet the other 50% of arm circumferences identified, resulting in overestimated or underestimated records of blood pressure, being likely that many hypertensive patients erroneously evaluated are following incorrect treatment. Conclusion - It was concluded that, 50% of the sample patients, the cuffs size used at BHUs to its blood pressure measurement, were adequate for the arm circumference, or, adult size.The lack of availability of different cuff size continue being a challenging problem to be faced in the public health being necessary a review in practices adopted...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Young Adult , Arterial Pressure , Blood Pressure Determination , Mid-Upper Arm Circumference
12.
Revista Digital de Postgrado ; 1(2): 6-18, dic. 2012. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, LIVECS | ID: biblio-1141255

ABSTRACT

Se estudia la relación entre la lactancia materna y el estado nutricional de 127 niñas y 143 niños (n =270) de 1 a 3 años de edad, mediante un estudio de campo descriptivo y transversal, en ambulatorios de Caracas. Las variables estudiadas fueron: edad, sexo, estrato socioeconómico, tiempo y duración de la lactancia materna, peso, talla y las circunferencias del brazo y cabeza, para obtener la combinación de indicadores peso para la edad, peso para la talla y talla para la edad, y con ambas circunferencias el Índice de Kanawati-McLaren (K-McL= Circunferencia de brazo/Circunferencia de cabeza). Se aplicaron cuestionarios semiestructurados, al binomio madre-niño Predominaron los estratos sociales IV y V (Pobreza relativa y Crítica, respectivamente) según Graffar modificado, solamente el 17 % de la muestra pertenecía al estrato III (condiciones económicas medias). Al establecer la relación entre la lactancia y el estado nutricional según los indicadores hubo un comportamiento sin diferencias estadísticamente significativas. En cuanto a la combinación de indicadores y el tiempo y tipo de lactancia practicada en los niños ubicados entre percentiles 10 y 90 y con seis meses de lactancia exclusiva fue realizada sólo por el 8,33% de ellos. En los desnutridos con talla normal, la cifra fue igualmente cercana: 10,81% para esa práctica. Los varones estaban desnutridos en un 21% y las niñas en un 13%. Al aplicar K-McL: 75,63% de los niños amamantados hasta el día de la entrevista resultaron normales (percentil 50 o mediana) y los no amamantados hasta ese momento sumaron un 70,83%(AU)


This study examines the relationship between breastfeeding and nutritional status of 127 girls and 143 boys (n =270) 1 to 3 years of age. It was carried out a field descriptive and cross-sectional study in clinics of Caracas. The anthropometric variables were: age, sex, socioeconomic strata, time and duration of the maternal breastfeeding, weight, height, and cephalic and arm circumferences, for the combination of indicators: weight for age, weight for height and height for age, and with both the index Kanawati-McLaren (K-McL) circles and semi structure questionnaires have been implemented. The social stratum IV and V predominated (relative poverty and criticism, respectively) according to modified Graffar, only 17% of the sample belongs to the stratum III (average economic conditions). To establish the relationship between breastfeeding and nutritional status according to the indicators, there was a behavior without statistically significant differences. The combination of indicators and the time and breastfeeding practiced in located children (between 10 and 90 percentile) and six months of exclusive breastfeeding was performed only by 8.33 % of them. In the malnourished with normal stature, the figure was also close: 10,81% for this practice. The boys were undernourished by 21% and the girls by 13%. Applying K-McL: 75, 63% of the children breastfed until the day of the interview were normal (percentile 50 or median), and not breastfed until that time amounted to 70, 83 %(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Socioeconomic Factors , Mid-Upper Arm Circumference , Breast Feeding , Nutrition Assessment , Nutritional Status , Poverty , Body Mass Index , Growth and Development
13.
J. coloproctol. (Rio J., Impr.) ; 32(4): 365-371, Oct.-Dec. 2012. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-678268

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Cancer is the second cause of death in Brazil, coming after cardiovascular disease. Medicinal fungi have been used in cancer patients due to their immunomodulatory effects. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the anthropometric status of men with colorectal cancer after supplementation with Agaricus sylvaticus. METHODS: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial conducted in a public hospital in the Federal District. The sample consisted of 24 male patients with colorectal cancer, separated into Agaricus sylvaticus (30 mg/kg/day) and placebo groups. Weight, height, body mass index, arm circumference, triceps skinfold, arm muscle circumference and fat percentage were evaluated during treatment. The results were analyzed before treatment and after three and six months of supplementation with the Student's t test and F test, with 5% significance. RESULTS: The Agaricus sylvaticus group showed significant increase in arm muscle circumference after six months of supplementation, but not in the placebo group. There were significant changes in both groups as to body mass index, arm circumference, percent body fat and triceps skinfold thickness during treatment. CONCLUSION: The dietary supplement with Agaricus sylvaticus is able to significantly improve muscle mass in male patients with colorectal cancer.


INTRODUÇÃO: O câncer é a segunda causa de óbitos no Brasil, subsequente às doenças cardiovasculares. Fungos medicinais têm sido utilizados em pacientes oncológicos devido a seus efeitos imunomoduladores. OBJETIVO: Avaliar o estado antropométrico de homens com câncer colorretal após suplementação com fungos Agaricus sylvaticus. MÉTODOS: Ensaio clínico randomizado, duplo-cego, placebo-controlado realizado em um hospital público do Distrito Federal. Amostra de 24 pacientes com câncer colorretal, sexo masculino, separados em grupos Agaricus sylvaticus (30 mg/kg/dia) e placebo. Foram avaliados peso, estatura, índice de massa corporal, circunferência do braço, dobra cutânea tricipital, circunferência muscular do braço e percentual de gordura durante o tratamento. Os resultados foram analisados antes do tratamento, com três e seis meses de suplementação, por meio dos testes t de Student e F, com significância de 5%. RESULTADOS: O grupo Agaricus sylvaticus apresentou aumento significativo da circunferência muscular do braço após seis meses de suplementação, fato não observado no grupo placebo. Não foram encontradas, em ambos os grupos, alterações significativas no índice de massa corporal, circunferência do braço, percentual de gordura corporal e dobra cutânea tricipital ao longo do tratamento. CONCLUSÃO: A suplementação dietética com Agaricus sylvaticus é capaz de melhorar significativamente a massa muscular de pacientes do sexo masculino com câncer colorretal.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Body Weights and Measures , Agaricus , Colorectal Neoplasms , Dietary Supplements , Mid-Upper Arm Circumference , Adipose Tissue
14.
An. venez. nutr ; 24(1): 5-12, jun. 2011. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, LIVECS | ID: lil-659086

ABSTRACT

Para evaluar el impacto del uso de diferentes valores de referencia y puntos de corte sobre la efectividad de la circunferencia del brazo en el despistaje de la malnutrición por déficit y exceso, se estudiaron 148 menores de 5 años, sin antecedentes de prematuridad, ni patologías crónicas. El estado nutricional se evaluó con 2 métodos: 1.- Se utilizó la circunferencia del brazo para edad aplicando diferentes valores de referencia y puntos de corte, 2.- Se aplicó el diagnóstico clínico integral que constituyó el patrón de oro. Para el análisis estadístico se calcularon estadísticos descriptivos, concordancias, kappa, sensibilidad, especificidad, valor predictivo positivo y negativo, razón de verosimilitud positiva y negativa e índice de Youden. Con OMS 2006 el percentil 90 resultó el mejor para la identificación del riesgo de exceso en niños (sensibilidad: 90%; especificidad: 92,1%, razón de verosimilitud positiva: 12,67 y negativa: 0,00; Youden: 0,92) y el percentil 85 en niñas (valores de 100%; 84,3%; 6,38; 0,00 y 0,84 para los estadísticos anteriores), respectivamente. Para déficit, los puntos de corte estudiados no resultaron aceptables. Se recomienda usar los percentiles 90 y 85 de la referencia OMS 2006 para la circunferencia del brazo en la identificación del riesgo de exceso en niños y niñas menores de cinco años, respectivamente. No se recomienda su uso en la identificación del riesgo de déficit en el mismo grupo de edad, se requiere el análisis de su efectividad con percentiles 16 al 20 y validar este estudio a nivel poblacional(AU)


In order to assess the impact of using different reference values and cut-off points on the effectiveness of mid-arm circumference measurements in malnutrition screening for deficit and excess, 148 children under 5 years, without prematurity backgrounds or chronic pathologies, were studied. The nutritional status was evaluated using 2 methods: 1.- Arm circumference measurement, applying different reference values and cut-off points; 2.-An integral clinical diagnosis as the gold standard. Descriptive statistics, concordances, kappa, sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, positive and negative likelihood ratios, and the Youden index were applied. The WHO 2006 p90 (sensitivity: 90%; specificity: 92.1%; positive likelihood ratio: 12.67 and negative likelihood ratio: 0.00; Youden index: 0.92) resulted best for identifying excess risk in boys. In girls, only the WHO 2006 p85 resulted effective with the following values: 100%; 84.3%; 6.38; 0.00; and 0.84 for the previous statistics. As for deficit, the studied cut-off points resulted unacceptable. We recommend using percentiles 90 and 85 of the WHO 2006 reference for arm circumference effectiveness in identifying excess risk in boys and girls, respectively, but we do not recommend using the traditional percentiles to identify the risk of deficit in the same age group. The latter requires percentiles 16 to 20 to analyze its effectiveness, and the study must be validated at a population level(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Mid-Upper Arm Circumference/methods , Child Nutrition Disorders/complications , Nutritional Status , Anthropometry , Deficiency Diseases , Diet, Food, and Nutrition
15.
Int. j. morphol ; 29(1): 221-225, Mar. 2011. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-591978

ABSTRACT

Biceps brachii is stated as one of the muscles that shows most frequent anatomical variations. Its most commonly reported anomaly is the presence of an accessory fascicle arising from the humerus which is termed as the humeral head of biceps brachii. Evidence shows a clear racial trend in the incidence of the humeral head of biceps brachii. Therefore, detailed knowledge of this variation in different populations is important for surgical interventions of the arm, nerve compression syndromes and in unexplained pain syndromes in the arm or shoulder region. The goal of this study was to elucidate the incidence and morphological features of this muscle in an adult Sri Lankan population. Upper extremities of the total of one hundred thirty five cadavers were dissected and studied for the presence of accessory heads of the biceps brachii muscle. The proximal and distal attachments of the humeral heads as well as their cranio-caudal, antero-posterior and medio-lateral dimensions were recorded. The incidence of humeral head of biceps brachii was found to be 3.7 percent. In all cases, it was found unilaterally and only in male subjects. The humeral head originated from the antero-medial aspect of the humeral shaft and descended and merged with the other two heads to form a common tendon. The results of the present study further highlight the racial variations in the incidence of humeral head of biceps brachii among Sri Lankans. Knowledge of the occurrence of humeral head of biceps brachii may facilitate preoperative diagnosis as well as the surgical procedures of the upper limb thus avoiding iatrogenic injuries.


El músculo bíceps braquial se conoce como uno de los músculos que muestra las variaciones anatómicas más frecuentes. Su anomalía más común es la presencia de un fascículo accesorio proveniente del húmero, que se denomina cabeza humeral del músculo bíceps braquial. La evidencia muestra una clara tendencia racial en la incidencia de la cabeza humeral del músculo bíceps braquial. El conocimiento acabado de esta variación, en las diferentes poblaciones, es importante para las intervenciones quirúrgicas del brazo, en los síndromes de compresión nerviosa y en los síndromes de dolor inexplicable en la región del brazo o del hombro. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la incidencia y las características morfológicas de este músculo en una población adulta de Sri Lanka. Fueron estudiados los miembros superiores en 135 cadáveres, disecados para evaluar la presencia de las cabezas del músculo bíceps braquial accesorio. Fueron registrados el origen e inserción de la cabeza humeral del músculo bíceps braquial, así como su dimensión cráneo-caudal, anteroposterior y mediolateral. La incidencia de la cabeza humeral del músculo bíceps braquial se encontró en el 3,7 por ciento de los miembros estudiados. En todos los casos, su presencia era unilateral y sólo presente en hombres. La cabeza humeral se originó en la región antero-medial de la diáfisis del húmero, descendió y se fusionó con las otras dos cabezas para formar un tendón común. Los resultados de este estudio resaltan aún más las variaciones raciales en la incidencia de la cabeza humeral del músculo bíceps braquial, entre los habitantes de Sri Lanka. El conocimiento de la presencia de la cabeza humeral del músculo bíceps braquial puede facilitar el diagnóstico preoperatorio, así como los procedimientos quirúrgicos del miembro superior, evitando las lesiones iatrogénicas.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Mid-Upper Arm Circumference , Neck Muscles/anatomy & histology , Neck Muscles/growth & development , Neck Muscles/ultrastructure , Brachial Plexus/anatomy & histology , Brachial Plexus/embryology , Brachial Plexus/ultrastructure , Cadaver , Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/physiology , Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/chemistry , Humerus/anatomy & histology , Humerus/abnormalities , Humerus/innervation , Humerus/ultrastructure
16.
Rev. chil. nutr ; 38(1): 23-29, mar. 2011. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-592072

ABSTRACT

Background: The control of the birthrate and the decrease of the mortality have unleashed a demographic aging. Nutritional status indicators are useless and in some cases it is not possible to determine the exact height or weight, making these indicators useless. Aim: To correlate the BMI with calf perimeter and muscle strength (dynamo-metry dominant and non-dominant). Methods: We studied 60 adults over 60 years old, with self-maintenance functional capacity. The subjects belonged to the "Circle of Retired Chilean Police" of Chillan city in Chile. The anthropometric measurements and dynamometry were obtained according to WHO specifications. We used correlation coefficients and ANOVA to determine the association between variables. Results: There was a weak negative relationship between dynamometry with BMI, r= -0.19 dynamometry dominant (p=0.332) and r= -0.11 dynamometry non-dominant (p=0.806), but a positive correlation was found between the calf perimeter and BMI, r= 0,64 (p<0.001). Conclusions: The data show the utility of calf perimeter as an indicator of nutritional status in the study of subjects, which was not observed with dynamometry.


Introducción: El control de la natalidad y el descenso de la mortalidad han desencadenado un envejecimiento demográfico, por lo que en algunos casos no es posible determinar con exactitud la estatura o el peso, careciendo de utilidad los indicadores nutricionales. Objetivo: Relacionar el índice de masa corporal (IMC) con el perímetro de pantorrilla y la fuerza muscular medida por la dinamometría de mano dominante y no-dominante. Métodos: Se estudiaron 60 adultos mayores de 60 años, con capacidad funcional de autovalencia, los adultos pertenecían al círculo de Carabineros de Chile en retiro de la ciudad de Chillan en la VII Región. Los datos antropométricos y la dinamometría se determinaron de acuerdo a las técnicas establecidas por la OMS. Se utilizó el coeficiente de correlación y Anova para determinar la asociación entre las variables. Resultados: Se observó una relación negativa débil entre ambas dinamometrías con el IMC; r = -0.19, dominante (p 0.332) y no dominante r = -0.11 (p 0.806), pero se encontró una correlación positiva de carácter mediana, entre el perímetro de pantorrilla y el IMC, r = 0.64 (p<0.001). Conclusiones: Los datos aportados evidencian la utilidad del perímetro de pantorrilla como indicador del estado nutricional en los sujetos de estudio, no así la dinamometría de mano.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Nutritional Status/physiology , Elder Nutritional Physiological Phenomena/physiology , Anthropometry , Body Mass Index , Mid-Upper Arm Circumference/methods , Frail Elderly , Homes for the Aged
17.
Rev. GASTROHNUP ; 12(3): 103-106, sept.-dic. 2010.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-645083

ABSTRACT

El parámetro más importante para evaluar el estado nutricional de los niños, es el crecimiento. Se puederealizar midiendo el peso, la talla, el perímetro cefálico, así como las circunferencias braquial, de cintura, y de cadera, así como la medición de pliegues cutáneos como tricipital, bicipital, subscapular, abdominal, suprailíaco, de pierna, de pantorrilla y el Índice masa corporal.


The most important parameter to assess the nutritional status of children, is growth. It can be done by measuring the weight, length, head circunference, and brachial circumferences, waist, and hip and skinfold measurement as tríceps, bíceps, subscapular, abdominal, suprailiac, leg, calf and body mass index.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Body Mass Index , Body Weight/physiology , Abdominal Circumference , Mid-Upper Arm Circumference , Waist Circumference , Weight by Height
18.
Rev. chil. nutr ; 37(3): 321-328, Sept. 2010. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-577398

ABSTRACT

The increase in the prevalence of malnutrition by excess, specifically obesity, has led to the search of new factors, which influence the development of this pathology like the perception of body weight and nutritional condition. The study was performed in students of the Nutrition and Dietetics Career of the University del Mar, with the aim to relate the perception of their corporal image with their nutritional status and fat and lean cellular compartments. Anatomical figures, proposed by Montero were used. Weight height, brachial circumference and triceps skin fold were used to determine IMC, CHM, AHM and AGB. A trend was observed to the overestimation of the nutritional condition to the fat compartment (pp<0,001).


El aumento de la malnutrición por exceso, específicamente obesidad, ha llevado a la búsqueda de nuevos factores que intervienen en el desarrollo de esta patología siendo uno de estos la percepción del peso y estado nutricional. El estudio se efectuó en estudiantes de la carrera de Nutrición y Dietética de la Universidad del Mar Sede Centro Sur Campus Talca con el objetivo de relacionar la percepción de la imagen corporal de estos con el estado nutricional real y compartimentos celulares graso y magro. Se utilizaron figuras anatómicas propuestas por Montero y luego se procedió a medir, peso, talla, circunferencia braquial y pliegue tricipital, con los cuales se determinó IMC, CHM, AMH y AGB. Se observó una tendencia a la sobreestimación del estado nutricional (IMC) (p<0,01) relacionándose esta percepción con el compartimiento graso (p<0,001).


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Body Composition , Body Image , Students, Health Occupations/psychology , Nutritional Status , Adiposity , Body Mass Index , Chile , Cross-Sectional Studies , Mid-Upper Arm Circumference
19.
An. venez. nutr ; 22(2): 63-68, 2009. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-563739

ABSTRACT

Se analizó la distribución percentilar del índice energía proteína (E/P) en niños y niñas de 3 meses a 9 años, para optimizar la identificación de alteraciones nutricionales incipientes. El calculó se hizo en 5.212 niños con estado nutricional y talla normales, sanos, provenientes de una comunidad urbana marginal, atendidos en el Centro de Atención Nutricional Infantil Antímano (CANIA) en el período enero 1999 a diciembre 2007. Se excluyeron niños con antecedentes de prematuridad, inicio de estirón puberal y patologías crónicas definidas o en estudio. La circunferencia muscular del brazo y el índice Energía/Proteína se calcularon a partir del pliegue tricipital y circunferencia media del brazo, medidas por antropometristas estandarizadas con control de calidad cuatrimestral, aplicando las normas recomendadas por el Programa Biológico Internacional y el Centro Internacional de la Infancia. Se obtuvieron los estadísticos descriptivos del índice y de las variables utilizadas en su cálculo, así como los percentiles 3, 10, 25, 50, 75, 90 y 97 del índice. Se aplicó el test de Kolmogorov-Smirnoff, Anova de una vía, Chi cuadrado, test de Tukey y correlaciones bivariadas. El comportamiento del índice evidenció valores mayores en el sexo femenino que fueron decreciendo con la edad en ambos sexos en rangos de 1,78 a 1,53 en el sexo femenino y de 1,68 a 1,42 en el masculino. Se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas por edad y sexo. El comportamiento del índice permite concluir la necesidad de aplicar la distribución percentilar de sus valores en la evaluación nutricional en edades pediátricas, debiéndose validar su efectividad.


The aim of this study was to analyze the percentile distribution of the Energy-Protein index (E/P) in boys and girls aged 3 months to 9 years in order to better identify incipient nutritional alterations. This index was calculated in 5212 healthy children with normal nutritional status and stature from a poor urban community at Centro de Atención Nutricional Infantil Antímano (CANIA), within the period between January 1999 and December 2007. Children with prematurity backgrounds, pubertal growth spurts, or with chronic pathologies, were excluded. Calculations of arm muscle circumference and E/P index were based on the anthropometric variables: triceps skinfold thickness, and mid-arm circumference measured by standardized anthropometrists, with quality control every 4 months as recommended by international standard of the International Biological Program and the International Center for Infancy. The descriptive statistics of the Energy/Protein index and the variables used for their calculation were obtained, as well as the index percentiles 3, 10, 25, 50, 75, 90, and 97. Tests applied included Kolmogorov-Smirnoff, Anova one-way, Chi Square, Tukey and bivariated correlations. The E/P index behavior exhibited higher values in the girls, decreasing with age in both sexes, ranging from 1.78 to 1.53 in girls and from 1.68 to 1.42 in boys. Statistically significant differences were found for each age and sex. The E/P index behavior allows us to conclude that its percentile distribution should be applied to nutritional assessments in pediatric ages. These values should be validated and their effectiveness should be studied.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Anthropometry/methods , Mid-Upper Arm Circumference/methods , Protein-Energy Malnutrition , Analysis of Variance , Cross-Sectional Studies , Nutritional Sciences , Statistics, Nonparametric
20.
Arch. venez. pueric. pediatr ; 69(4): 161-167, oct.-dic. 2006. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-589228

ABSTRACT

Evaluar el crecimiento, estado nutricional y enfermedades asociadas en niños con Síndrome de Down que asistieron a la consulta de Nutrición, Crecimiento y Desarrollo del "Hospital de Niños J.M de Los Ríos" durante los años 2003 al 2005. Estudio descriptivo, transversal y retrospectivo en pacientes con Síndrome de Down. Se registro: edad, género, peso, talla, perímetro cefálico, circunferencia media del brazo izquierdo y pliegues cutáneos tricipital y subescapular. Se revisaron enfermedades asociadas y número de hospitalizaciones. Para el diagnóstico nutricional y de crecimiento se utilizaron como referencias el Estudio Transversal de Caracas (ETC), el Nacional Center Health Statistics (NCHS) y las Gráficas de Cronk, con sus respectivos puntos de corte. Se incluyeron 41 pacientes, 26 de género femenino y 15 de género masculino, con edades entre 15 días y 15 años de edad, se evidenció talla baja en el 83 por ciento y desnutrición en 88 por ciento al utilizar como referencias el NCHS. Con gráficas específicas para Síndrome de Down se determinó talla baja en 32 por ciento y desnutrición en 85 por ciento. 69 por ciento de los niños con talla baja tenían cardiopatías congénitas y 15 por ciento hipotiroidismo. La talla en los niños con Síndrome de Down evaluados se relacionó significativamente con desnutrición. El uso de guías de supervición de salud y gráficas de crecimiento específicas para Síndrome de Down, son herramientas útiles para vigilar la nutrición, el crecimiento y brindar atención integral a estos niños.


To evaluate growth, nutritional condition and associate diseases in children with Down’s syndrome who attend an out patient clinic of Nutrition, Growth and Development of the “Hospital de Niños J.M de Los Ríos” during 2003 to 2005. A descriptive, cross-sectional and retrospective study was performed. It was registered: Age, heigth, weight, cephalic perimeter, left arm average circumference, tricipital and subescapular skin fold. Associate diseases and number of hospitalizations were reviewed. For growth and nutritional diagnosis were used as references the Cross-sectional Study Caracas (ETC), Nacional Center Health Statistics (NCHS) and the Graphs of Cronk, with respective cut points. 41 patients were included, 26 females and 15 males, with ages between the 15 days and 15 years old. There was short stature in 83% of the children and malnutrition in 88% when comparing them with NCHS charts. With Down’s syndrome specific growth charts, there was short stature in 32% of the children and this one was associated to malnutrition in 85%, congenital heart defect in 69% and hypothyroidism in 15%. Short statures in children with Down syndrome evaluated were related significantly to malnutrition. Health supervision guides and Down syndrome specific growth charts are useful tools to watch the nutrition, growth and to offer integral attention to these children.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child , Anemia/pathology , Heart Defects, Congenital/pathology , Mid-Upper Arm Circumference/instrumentation , Protein-Energy Malnutrition/etiology , Hypothyroidism/pathology , Human Growth Hormone/physiology , Down Syndrome/physiopathology , Child Care , Weight by Age/physiology
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